Solar variability refers to the natural changes in the output and behavior of the Sun over time, which can have a significant impact on Earth's climate and environment. This variability includes fluctuations in solar radiation, solar wind, and the frequency and intensity of solar storms and flares. Researchers study solar variability to understand how these changes affect Earth's climate, weather patterns, and technology such as satellites and power grids. By monitoring and analyzing the Sun's activity, scientists can improve their ability to predict and prepare for potential impacts on Earth. Solar variability research also plays a crucial role in our understanding of the long-term evolution of the Sun and its influence on the habitability of planets in our solar system and beyond. By studying the patterns and drivers of solar variability, scientists can better understand the potential for life on other planets and how solar activity may impact their habitability.